Razavi International Journal of Medicine
Volume:4 Issue: 2, Spring 2016

One of the inclusion criteria for applying atrial septal defect (ASD) closing procedure is an increased pulmonary-to- systemic blood flow ratio (Qp/Qs). Eccentricity index (EI) is associated with ventricular dysfunction in patients with pulmonary hypertension.

As ASDpatients have overload volume and pressure in their pulmonary arteries,we tried to test this hypothesis if EI and Qp/Qs ratio are possibly associated.

This study is a correlation study. 64 patientswith primary diagnosis of secundumtype ASD enrolled in this study and echocardiography was performed for all of them. Data were analyzed by SPSS as well as descriptive and statistical tests.

Bivariate correlation test showed that therewas a positive and significant association betweenQp/Qs ratio and EI (r = 0.502, P = 0.001). Linear regression analysis showed that there was a linear association between Qp/Qs ratio and EI (Beta = 1.765, P = 0.001).

We found that EI and Qp/Qs ratio are significantly and positively associated and Qp/Qs ratio can be easily estimated bymeasuring EI in secundumtype ASD patients.

Self-esteemis the level of respect which an individual pays to himself and his identity. Having healthy self-esteemis a fundamental need for human beings and lack of itmay have some consequences.

The aimof this studywas to determine and compare the level of self-esteemamong female addictswith normal control group.

The study is an analytical cross-sectional study. The present study was conducted on three groups: impris- oned addicted women, addicted women in the society visiting welfare associations who did not have a background of imprison- ment, and a control group including non-addictswho did not have the records of imprisonment and visiting health care centers to receive consultation services. Validated Persian version of the Rosenbergs self-esteem scale was used in this study. The Chi-square test, ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used.

The mean age of participants was not statistically different in three groups (P = 0.75) but the other variables (i.e. level of education, job, location of living, andmarital status) showsignificant statistical difference (P = 0.001).Themean score of self-esteem in the group of imprisoned addicts, addicts and control groups were respectively 14.87  4.70, 15.16  4.71, and 22.90  5.06. The mean score in the control group is significantly higher than addict group (Chi-square = 74.97, P < 0.001).

Lower level of self-steemshould be considered as an important factor for tendency for drug abuse.

Pulmonary vein stenosis includes narrowing of one ormore pulmonary veins thatmay have congenital or acquired causes. Congenital pulmonary vein stenosis is a rare condition and also a rare cause for pulmonary hypertension. Since identifying the etiology of pulmonary hypertension plays a crucial role inmedical and surgical planning, we decided to introduce a rare case of pulmonary hypertension due to pulmonary vein stenosis.

A 29-year-old white female patient who was suffering from exertional dyspnea was referred to our center for further evaluation. Our findings in transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography showed pulmonary arterial hypertension with maximum gradient of 65 - 70 mmHg and moderate to large size secondom type oval shaped atrial septal defect (2 cm - 1.2 cm) with bidirectional shunt, in a predominantly left to right direction. Atrial septal defect rims were suitable for device closure. Due to out of proportional pulmonary hypertension with atrial septal defect, further evaluations were conducted and pulmonary vein stenosiswas confirmed. In this case, the echocardiography findingswere consistentwith right upper pulmonary vein stenosis and justified severe pulmonary hypertension with the anomaly of atrial septal defect. Device closure of atrial septal defect and balloon angioplasty of pulmonary vein stenosis were performed for our patients. Threemonths later, in a follow up evaluation, it was revealed that the severity of pulmonary hypertension was declined from65 - 70mmHg to 40mmHg.

Only fewcases of pulmonaryhypertensionsecondary to congenital pulmonary veinstenosis ininfancywere reported until now, and it is very uncommon in adult patientswithout any prior history of surgery. Patientswith pulmonary vein stenosis of- tenpresentwithshortness of breathandmaymimic symptoms of Chronic LungDisease orpneumoniawhichresult inmisdiagnosis and treatment. Therefore, in patients with underlying congenital heart disease and out of proportional pulmonary hypertension, other potential and rare causes for pulmonary hypertension such as pulmonary vein stenosis should be considered and evaluated. It is recommended that cardiologists do not directly attribute pulmonary hypertension to the underlying heart disease without sufficient assessment to rule out other possible causes for it.

Abstract Research misconduct is not a new problem in the research field. However, in recent years, the researchers themselves could be a victimof a newly expanded trouble: being hijacked by email. Being obsessive about publishing one’s research results and finding the “real journals” seems not to be enough in recent years. In this article we will have a closer look to this issue and discuss two real examples happened to us. At the end, there are a few tips which could be helpful in encountering with such issues. We hope that dessiminating such data could raise the public and academic awareness and finally eliminate the expansion of this fraudmethod.

Amajor purpose of treating open fractures is the prevention of wound infection. Infection, as amajor complication associated with open fractures,may lead to limb loss, sepsis, and even death. In this study, we survey factors affecting infection.

In this study, we survey factors affecting infection.

The study population consisted of all patients with type IIIA gastilo open fractures of tibial shaft, with or without fibula fracture (caused by trauma). Afterwound irrigation, debridement, andwound swab sampling formicrobial culture, all patients received prophylactic antibiotic regimens in fitting with their wound class. No topical antibiotics were used with a 6-month follow-up for any symptomof osteomyelitis.

Considering the occurrence of one case of infection, the infection ratewas calculated (1.89%). Given the lowprevalence rate of infection, itwas difficult to evaluate the effect of different antibiotic regimens on the prevention of infection (in terms of regimen duration). As such, no specific regimen was preferred. The results of statistical analysis did not show any significant difference between one-day application of antibiotic prophylaxis and two or three days consumption of antibiotic prophylaxis.

According to the results of this study, one-day administration of antibiotics as prophylaxis (first generation of cephalosporins) was sufficient for the prevention of infection after orthopedic surgery in all patients except in patient with risk factors such as diabetes or immune deficiency, when the administration of prophylactic antibiotic lasts for 3 days.

Stroke is the second cause of death and disability in the world, and oxidative stress which could be considered as a prognostic factor in patients for prevention, follow up and determination of stroke’s severity has a conceivable role in neural damage.

The aim of our study was to explain the association between oxidant/antioxidant imbalance as a prognostic factor in patients with stroke.

Pro-oxidant-antioxidant balance (PAB), advanced oxidized protein products (AOPP) and protein carbonyl were measured in patients with ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke as well as healthy group. Sera were collected from 18 is- chemic and 23 hemorrhagic stroke patients, and 34 healthy volunteers. The PAB assay, routine biochemical parameters, lipid profile and total protein concentration were assessed in patients and healthy group.

The level of AOPP (P < 0.007), protein carbonyl (P < 0.001) and PAB (P < 0.01) were significantly higher in stroke patients than the healthy group.

There are increased level of protein carbonyl, AOPP and PAB in patients with stroke. Measuring these factors may be beneficial as prognostic factors in treatment and follow up of the patients with both hemorrhagic and ischemic strokes. More investigations withmore cases and longer follow up are needed to approve that these factors play an important role in prognosis of stroke.